The peppermint (Mentha × piperita) is a hybrid species of mint, a cross between water mint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata). It is native to western, central and southern Europe and occasionally occurs together with its parent species in the wild. The plant is now widespread and is cultivated in many regions of the world. Peppermint is a perennial, 30 to 100 cm tall plant. It has smooth, squared stems, dark green leaves with reddish veins and purple flowers that grow in whorls (Verticillaster), which are arranged around the stem and form thick, blunt spikes. The plant blooms throughout the summer months. Peppermint has been used for thousands of years in various medical systems as medicine, food and perfume, from ancient Egypt to Greek, Rome and China, to modern Western herbalism. The essential oil contains menthol, a chemical component that produces a cooling sensation and is also known to relieve tension headaches and muscle aches. In TCM, peppermint is believed to activate the Qi and strengthen the Shen (spirit), promoting alertness, motivation and self-confidence.
