The trace element manganese fulfills a variety of tasks in human metabolism. It is a component of a number of enzymes that are needed for the detoxification of metabolic products and for a functioning energy metabolism, among other things. As a component of the enzyme superoxide dismutase, manganese plays an important role in cell protection; proteins, lipids and DNA are thus protected from oxidative damage. Manganese also contributes to healthy bone structure and normal connective tissue formation. Manganese gluconate is an organic form of manganese and has a particularly high bioavailability.
Manganese is an essential trace element which must be supplied daily in sufficient amounts. Manganese is found in many plant-based foods and is also present in animal products, though to a lesser extent. Processed products such as white flour contain only small quantities of manganese, meaning that an unbalanced diet can lead to a deficiency of this important trace element. The absorption of manganese is influenced by various factors. For example, the simultaneous intake of other minerals such as iron, calcium and magnesium inhibits manganese absorption. Phosphates from highly processed foods, phytates from cereals and legumes, and tannins from tea also decrease absorption of manganese. Additionally, increased alcohol consumption and the use of certain medications also impairs intestinal manganese absorption.
Health benefits of manganese according to the European Food Safey Authority (EFSA):
Manganese contributes to:
- Normal energy metabolism
- Normal connective tissue formation
- The maintenance of normal bones
- The protection of cells from oxidative stress.
